Record rainfall has transformed Australia's Red Centre into an unusually green landscape, but environmental groups, Traditional Owners and many Alice Springs residents say the change reflects the rapid spread of invasive buffel grass rather than a healthy ecosystem.

Around Alice Springs, buffel grass now dominates much of the ground cover, outcompeting native plants, increasing bushfire risk and altering the region's distinctive desert environment.

Tourism operator Anna Dakin says the invasive grass has become a major financial and emotional burden, requiring constant management while diminishing the natural landscapes visitors expect to experience.

Environmental advocates argue that buffel grass creates dense fuel loads that contribute to larger, more frequent fires, threatening biodiversity and culturally significant landscapes.

Traditional Owners, including Eastern Arrernte woman Camille Dobson, say the weed is causing the loss of native plants, animals and cultural knowledge that has been passed down for generations.They are calling for stronger national action and greater support for Indigenous-led land management.

However, the issue remains contentious because buffel grass is also highly valued by the cattle industry, where it provides reliable feed in arid regions and supports regional economies.

The Northern Territory government has introduced a management strategy while continuing to permit buffel grass use on pastoral land, arguing that different land uses require different approaches.Meanwhile, the federal government is assessing whether buffel grass should receive stronger national recognition under environmental laws.

Environmental organisations believe coordinated national funding and management are essential to limit further spread, while pastoralists caution that any new regulations must balance environmental protection with the needs of the livestock industry.