Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, former leader of Qatar, passed away at 74.He led Qatar from 1995 to 2013, transforming the small emirate into a regional and global power.Under his leadership, Qatar's economy boomed with investments in natural gas, media, and international partnerships.He oversaw the launch of Al Jazeera, established the Qatar Investment Authority, and secured the 2022 FIFA World Cup.His policies also included funding for Gaza projects and improving living standards for foreign workers.Despite controversies, his reign marked Qatar's rise as one of the wealthiest nations.He abdicated in 2013 in favor of his son, Sheikh Tamim, a rare move in Arab history.The nation is mourning his death, with public holidays and memorials planned.