A long-term study led by the Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute followed 1,200 women in eastern Massachusetts for over two decades, revealing that living in disadvantaged neighborhoods significantly impacts heart health.

Women in socially vulnerable areas scored 6-10 points lower on cardiovascular health metrics compared to those in less disadvantaged regions, with disparities evident as early as three years into the study.

These differences persisted into midlife and were associated with faster declines in heart health before menopause, a critical period for cardiovascular risk.

Socioeconomic factors like income, education, and race (particularly non-Hispanic Black women) correlated with poorer outcomes, even after adjusting for these variables.

The research underscores how neighborhood conditions—such as access to healthy food, safe spaces for activity, and quality healthcare—shape long-term heart health trajectories.

Findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address systemic inequities and support women's cardiovascular wellness throughout their lives.