Scientists are increasingly concerned about the potential for a sixth mass extinction, driven by human activities.Unlike past extinctions caused by natural disasters, today's crisis is linked to habitat destruction and climate change.New Zealand's unique fossil record of marine molluscs provides critical insights into predicting which species face higher extinction risks.Researchers highlight that while some species like the passenger pigeon vanished rapidly, others such as tuatara have endured for millions of years.The study focuses on marine invertebrates, which are often overlooked in conservation efforts despite their ecological importance.By analysing fossil data, scientists can identify patterns in extinction vulnerability based on factors like geographic range and body size.

This research aims to quantify 'extinction debt'—species at risk due to current human impacts—and inform conservation strategies before irreversible losses occur.

The study underscores the need for urgent action to prevent biodiversity collapse, as many marine species remain unlisted on global conservation databases.

New Zealand's isolated ecosystem offers a unique opportunity to understand extinction dynamics, with implications for global conservation efforts.