In a CNN interview discussing his book 'The Meaning of Your Life: Finding Purpose in an Age of Emptiness,' Harvard professor Arthur Brooks argues that smartphones and other digital technologies can interfere with people's search for meaning when they replace, rather than complement, important human experiences.

Brooks distinguishes between 'complicated' problems, which have clear solutions and can often be helped by technology, and 'complex' problems, such as building lasting relationships, being a good friend, or finding purpose in life, which require ongoing reflection and personal engagement rather than technical fixes.

According to Brooks, technologies such as social media and artificial intelligence are valuable tools for solving practical tasks, but they cannot replace authentic human connection, love, faith, or personal growth.He warns that relying on technology to satisfy deeper emotional or existential needs may leave people feeling more isolated and unfulfilled.

Brooks also emphasizes the importance of boredom, arguing that constant smartphone use prevents the brain from entering its default mode network, a state associated with daydreaming, creativity, and reflection.

To encourage a more meaningful life, he follows three simple smartphone rules: avoid using the phone during the first hour after waking up, keep phones away during meals, and stop using them one hour before bedtime.

He believes these habits create more opportunities for conversation, reflection, better sleep, exercise, reading, and other activities that strengthen well-being and help people engage with the deeper questions of life.